Drug resistance is a generally unavoidable consequence of most cancers remedy that leads to remedy failure and illness relapse. Intrinsic (pre-existing) or acquired resistance mechanisms might be drug-specific or be relevant to a number of medication, leading to multidrug resistance. The presence of drug resistance is, nevertheless, tightly coupled to modifications in mobile homeostasis, which may result in resistance-coupled vulnerabilities. Unbiased gene perturbations by way of RNAi and CRISPR applied sciences are invaluable instruments to determine genotype-to-phenotype relationships on the genome scale. Furthermore, their software to most cancers cell traces can uncover new vulnerabilities which might be related to resistance mechanisms. Right here, we focus on focused and unbiased RNAi and CRISPR efforts within the discovery of drug resistance mechanisms by specializing in first-in-line chemotherapy and their enforced vulnerabilities, and we current a view ahead on which measures ought to be taken to speed up their medical translation.
With a lot genomics information being produced, it is likely to be sensible to pause and think about what goal this information can or ought to serve. Some enhance annotations, others predict molecular interactions, however few add on to current data. It is because sequence annotations don’t all the time implicate perform, and molecular interactions are sometimes irrelevant to a cell’s or organism’s survival or propagation. Merely correlative relationships present in massive information fail to supply solutions to the Why questions of human biology. As a substitute, these solutions are anticipated from strategies that causally hyperlink DNA modifications to downstream results with out being confounded by reverse causation.
These approaches require the managed measurement of the implications of DNA variants, for instance, both these launched in single cells utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 genome enhancing or which might be already current throughout the human inhabitants. Inferred causal relationships between genetic variation and mobile phenotypes or illness present promise to quickly develop and underpin our data base.
Molecular and Structural Characterizations of Lipases from Chlorella by Purposeful Genomics
Microalgae have been poorly investigated for new-lipolytic enzymes of biotechnological curiosity. In silico research combining evaluation of sequences homologies and bioinformatic instruments allowed the identification and preliminary characterization of 14 putative lipases expressed by Chlorella vulagaris. These proteins have totally different molecular weights, subcellular localizations, low instability index vary and not less than 40% of sequence id with different microalgal lipases.
Sequence comparability indicated that the catalytic triad corresponded to residues Ser, Asp and His, with the nucleophilic residue Ser positioned inside the consensus GXSXG pentapeptide. 3D fashions had been generated utilizing totally different approaches and templates and demonstrated that these putative enzymes share an identical core with widespread α/β hydrolases fold belonging to household three lipases and sophistication GX. Six lipases had been predicted to have a transmembrane area and a lysosomal acid lipase was recognized. The same mammalian enzyme performs an essential function in breaking down cholesteryl esters and triglycerides and its deficiency causes critical digestive issues in human. Extra structural perception would supply essential info on the enzyme traits.
The specificity between pathotypes of Pyricularia oryzae and genera of gramineous crops is ruled by gene-for-gene interactions. Right here, we present that avirulence genes concerned on this host specificity have undergone totally different modes of purposeful losses depending on, or affected by genomic compartments harboring them. The avirulence of an Eleusine pathotype on wheat is managed by 5 genes together with PWT3 which performed a key function within the evolution of the Triticum pathotype (the wheat blast fungus). We cloned one other gene utilizing an affiliation of its presence/absence with pathotypes, and designated it as PWT6. PWT6 was broadly distributed in a lineage composed of Eleusine/Eragrostis isolates, however fully absent in a lineage composed of Lolium/Triticum isolates.
Genomic and purposeful analyses of fungal and bacterial consortia that allow lignocellulose breakdown in goat intestine microbiomes
Internal Standard |
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5252-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 59.15 |
Internal Standard |
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8260-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 31.08 |
Internal Standard - 1ML |
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5022-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 36.45 |
Internal Standard R46594 |
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50R-R46594 | Fitzgerald | 50 mg | EUR 194 |
Description: Internal standard 3-(2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1-piperidinyl]ethyl)-2,4-[1h,3H]-quinazoline-dione (R46594) |
Alternate Internal Standard |
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CLPS-I90 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 42.87 |
Internal Standard 2 - 1ML |
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CLPV-I2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 48.6 |
Internal Standard 2mL - 2ML |
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CLPS-I2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 2ML | EUR 129.6 |
Itraconazole Internal Standard |
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50R-R51012 | Fitzgerald | 50 mg | EUR 195 |
Description: Itraconazole chemical reference substance |
Internal Standard Endosulfan-1 - 1ML |
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548-IS | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 49.95 |
Alternate Internal Standard - 1ML |
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8260A-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 56.7 |
5 Element Oil Standard 1000 ug/g (1000 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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AM-1000Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 325.35 |
5 Element Oil Standard 5000 ug/g (5000 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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AM-5000Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 1310.85 |
5 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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AM-900Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 247.05 |
12 Element Oil Standard 100 ug/g (100 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S12-100Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 415.8 |
12 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S12-900Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 1039.5 |
21 Element Oil Standard 100 ug/g (100 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S21-100Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 224.1 |
21 Element Oil Standard 300 ug/g (300 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S21-300Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 324 |
21 Element Oil Standard 500 ug/g (500 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S21-500Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 511.65 |
21 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S21-900Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 699.3 |
23 Element Oil Standard 100 ug/g (100 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S23-100Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 303.75 |
23 Element Oil Standard 300 ug/g (300 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S23-300Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 382.05 |
23 Element Oil Standard 500 ug/g (500 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S23-500Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 626.4 |
23 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams Base Oil 75 - 100G |
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S23-900Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100G | EUR 1193.4 |
Internal Standard Fluorobenzene - 1ML |
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5242-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 51.3 |
Internal Standard-3 Components - 1ML |
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5243-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 213.3 |
5 Element Oil Standard 1000 ug/g (1000 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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AM-1000Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 205.2 |
5 Element Oil Standard 5000 ug/g (5000 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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AM-5000Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 631.8 |
5 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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AM-900Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 144.45 |
12 Element Oil Standard 100 ug/g (100 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S12-100Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 267.3 |
12 Element Oil Standard 500 ug/g (500 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S12-500Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 475.2 |
12 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S12-900Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 774.9 |
21 Element Oil Standard 100 ug/g (100 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S21-100Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 126.9 |
21 Element Oil Standard 300 ug/g (300 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S21-300Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 203.85 |
21 Element Oil Standard 500 ug/g (500 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S21-500Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 294.3 |
21 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S21-900Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 453.6 |
23 Element Oil Standard 100 ug/g (100 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S23-100Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 195.75 |
23 Element Oil Standard 300 ug/g (300 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S23-300Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 244.35 |
23 Element Oil Standard 500 ug/g (500 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S23-500Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 406.35 |
23 Element Oil Standard 900 ug/g (900 PPM) for AA and ICP 50 grams Base Oil 75 - 50G |
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S23-900Z | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 50G | EUR 533.25 |
Internal Standard for GC/FID - 1ML |
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8015B-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 122.85 |
Internal/Surrogate Standard - 1ML |
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601-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 93.15 |
Internal Standard Bromofluorobenzene - 1ML |
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5511-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 126.9 |
Internal Standard Acenapthene-d10 - 1ML |
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5481-IS | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 159.3 |
Internal Standard Pentachloronitrobenzene - 1ML |
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508-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 159.3 |
ASTM Method D6042 Internal Standard - 1ML |
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ASTM-D6042-IS | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 437.4 |
Internal Standard 44-Difluorobiphenyl - 1ML |
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550-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 62.1 |
5 Element Biodiesel Standard 10 ug/g (10 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams B100 Biofuel - 100ML |
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BFM-10Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 241.65 |
5 Element Biodiesel Standard 5 ug/g (5 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams B100 Biofuel - 100ML |
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BFM-20Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 241.65 |
5 Element Biodiesel Standard 20 ug/g (20 PPM) for AA and ICP 100 grams B100 Biofuel - 100ML |
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BFM-5Y | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 241.65 |
5 Component BNA Internal Standard 5mL - 5ML |
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CLPS-I5 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 5ML | EUR 502.2 |
Alternate Internal/Surrogate Standard - 1ML |
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8082-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 130.95 |
Internal Standard 4-Bromo-35-dimethylphenyl-N-methylcarbamate - 1ML |
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531-I | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 60.89 |
ICP Interference Check Standard 5 - 125ML |
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INTER5-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 332.1 |
ICP Interference Check Standard 5 - 500ML |
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INTER5-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 564.3 |
ICP Interference Check Standard 18 without Mercury - 125ML |
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INTER18-100N | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 491.4 |
ICP Interference Check Standard 18 without Mercury - 500ML |
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INTER18-500N | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 843.75 |
ICP-MS Instrument Check Standard 1 - 125ML |
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CL-ICS-1 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 461.7 |
AAS Multi Element (13) Std at 10ug/mL - 100ML |
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AAMIX13A | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 378 |
AAS Multi Element (13) Std at 100ug/mL - 100ML |
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AAMIX13B | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 454.95 |
Ebro EBI 20-TH1 Standard Temperature / Humidity Data Logger - with internal humidity sensor - Set and accessories - EACH |
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THE1074 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | EACH | EUR 326.07 |
ICP Standard Phosphorus H2O - 100ML |
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PP2A7 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 248.4 |
Flame Multi Element Linearity Std Low Conc - 500ML |
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FPLE5 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 468.45 |
ICP-MS Instrument Calibration Standard 1 - 125ML |
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CL-CAL-1 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 511.65 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 21 - 125ML |
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QC-21 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 475.2 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 21 - 250ML |
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QC-21-250 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 250ML | EUR 638.55 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 21 - 500ML |
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QC-21-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 792.45 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 22 - 125ML |
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QC-22 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 619.65 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 22 - 250ML |
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QC-22-250 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 250ML | EUR 652.05 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 22 - 500ML |
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QC-22-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 804.6 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 23 - 125ML |
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QC-23 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 757.35 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 24 - 125ML |
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QC-24 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 619.65 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 7 - 125ML |
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QC-7 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 251.1 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 7 - 500ML |
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QC-7-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 421.2 |
ICP Quality Control Standard 7A - 125ML |
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QC-7A | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 247.05 |
Flame Multi Element Linearity Std High Conc - 500ML |
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FPHE5 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 475.89 |
ICP-MS Calibration Standard 3 - 125ML |
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CL-CAL-3 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 174.15 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 10 - 125ML |
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CALMIX10-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 256.5 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 10 - 500ML |
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CALMIX10-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 433.35 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 3 - 125ML |
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CALMIX3-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 309.15 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 3 - 500ML |
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CALMIX3-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 498.15 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 4 - 125ML |
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CALMIX4-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 324 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 4 - 500ML |
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CALMIX4-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 527.85 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 7 - 125ML |
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CALMIX7-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 348.3 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 7 - 500ML |
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CALMIX7-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 602.1 |
ICP Instrument Check Standard 8 - 500ML |
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CALMIX8-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 413.1 |
ICP Qualicty Control Standard 7A - 500ML |
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QC-7A-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 409.05 |
ICP Standard Zinc 2pc HCl - 100ML |
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PZN2A3 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135.13 |
Flame Multi Element Linearity Std Medium Conc - 500ML |
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FPME5 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 475.89 |
ICP Standard Vanadium 2pc HNO3 - 100ML |
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PV2A19 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 190.35 |
ICP Standard Manganese 2-5pc - 100ML |
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PMN2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135 |
ICP Standard Beryllium 2-5pc - 100ML |
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PBE2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 237.6 |
ICP Standard Strontium 2-5pc - 100ML |
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PSR2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 249.7 |
ICP-MS Quality Control Standard 21 - 125ML |
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CL-QC-21 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 544.05 |
ICP Standard Tin In 10pc HCl - 100ML |
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PSN2A13 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 255.15 |
Florisil@ -200 Mesh Standard Grade |
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F01454 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 100G | EUR 229.1 |
ICP-MS Instrument Check Standard 3 - 125ML |
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CL-ICS-3 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 253.8 |
ICP-MS Instrument Check Standard 4 - 125ML |
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CL-ICS-4 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 168.75 |
ICP-MS Instrument Check Standard 5 - 125ML |
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CL-ICS-5 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 187.65 |
ICP-MS Initial Calibration Verification Standard 1 - 125ML |
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CL-ICV-1 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 548.1 |
ICP Standard Lithium 2-5pc HCl - 100ML |
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PLI2A3 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135.13 |
ICP Standard Sodium 2-5pc HNO3 - 100ML |
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PNA2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135 |
ICP Standard Boron H2O 1000ug-ml - 100ML |
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PB2A7 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 248.4 |
ICP Standard Barium 2-5pc HNO3 - 100ML |
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PBA2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 248.4 |
ICP Standard Cobalt 2-5pc HNO3 - 100ML |
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PCO2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135 |
PIANO DHA Standard Mix 1 45 compounds - 1ML |
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REPIANO1 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 1ML | EUR 884.22 |
ICP Standard Lithium 2-5pc HNO3 - 100ML |
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PLI2A2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135 |
ICP-MS Instrument Calibration Standard 2 - 125ML |
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CL-CAL-2 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 125ML | EUR 546.75 |
AAS Multi Element (16) Std at 1mg/L each in 5% HNO3 - 100ML |
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AAS16-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 217.38 |
AAS Multi Element (16) Std at 1mg/L each in 5% HNO3 - 250ML |
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AAS16-250 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 250ML | EUR 389.23 |
AAS Multi Element (16) Std at 1mg/L each in 5%HNO3 - 500ML |
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AAS16-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 486.17 |
AAS Multi Element Std Cd Pb Ni at 1000ppm in 2% HNO3 - 100ML |
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AA-BIB-3-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 211.51 |
AAS Multi Element Std Cd Pb Ni at 1000ppm in 2% HNO3 - 500ML |
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AA-BIB-3-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 304.04 |
ICP Standard Molybdenum H2O 1000ug/ml - 100ML |
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PMO2A7 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 148.5 |
ICP Multi Elem (16) Interf Std Test 05.2 10ppm - 100ML |
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REICPINTF16A | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 732.93 |
ICP Multi Elem (11) Interf Std in 2-5% HNO3 - 100ML |
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REICPINTF11A | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 688.87 |
ICP Multi Elem (4) Interf Std in 2-5% HNO3 - 100ML |
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REICPINTF4C | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 339.29 |
ICP Standard Mercury 10% HNO3 1000µg/ml - 100ML |
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PHG2A6 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 135 |
Grids - Hexagonal Mesh Grids - Standard - 400mesh (Gold) |
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18950G-1 | Polysciences Europe GmbH | 2vials | EUR 161 |
Flame Multi Element Linearity Std Low Medium and High Con - 500ML |
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FPHK3 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 992.25 |